Leadership As A Team Success - 1506 Words

When working with a team success depends on how its leadership leads the team. Management is not the same as leadership. As usual, the more successful the leader the more successful the team, teamwork requires a good leader; their presence could adversely affect teamwork and vice versa (Thompson. 2014). â€Å"Great Man† theory. Leaders are born, not made. These theories of leadership become popular during the 19th century. The legend behind some of the world most notorious leaders such as Abraham Lincoln, Julius Caesar, Alexander the Great gave so much to the concept that great leaders are born and not made. According to Thomas Carlyle, â€Å"the history of the world is but the biography of great man.† Effective leaders are those talented with glorious enthusiasm and the right appearances. In todays, world people often define outstanding leaders as having the right class or characteristics for the position suggesting that basic characteristics makes these people successful leaders (Cherry, 2015). Trait-based theory in some ways similar to the great man theory. The trait theory presumes that people acquire certain qualities or traits make them better suited to leadership trait theories usually recognize certain personality or behavioral characteristics that ae shared by leaders. Conflicts in the relationship among leadership traits and leadership success ultimately led scholars to shift patterns in search of new information for successful leadership (Scientific AcademicShow MoreRelatedLeadership And Team Effectiveness Of Team Success1914 Words   |  8 PagesLeadership and Team Effectiveness Team success is a result of highly synchronized and efficient groups who strives to reach a common goal. 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Having skilled leaders to carry out business s trategy is crucial to success, but research has shown that we must also understand leadership cultureRead MoreLeadership Philosophy : A Leader s Employees, And Growth Of The Organization1595 Words   |  7 PagesA clear leadership philosophy is important to the success of a leader, development of the leader’s employees, and growth of the organization. As a future leader, I will explore my own leadership philosophy built on the principles of integrity, openness, and humility. I will discuss the importance of creating an environment that fosters mutual respect, recognizes each individual’s potential, and inspires success. Using my own philosophy as a guide, I will discuss and analyze the approach a commanderRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Wooden On Leadership 1513 Words   |  7 PagesExecutive Summary The topic of leadership continues to attract several theoretical arguments as the practice of leadership varies depending on a variety of factors (Loveridge, 2014). However, the contributions made by John Wooden in transforming leadership are impeccable, with his many years as a basketball coach earning him admiration and success in equal measure. John Wooden, therefore, explains how leaders can get the maximum potential out of their followers through enhancing the individual abilitiesRead MoreHuman Resources And Project Management1413 Words   |  6 Pagespossessing great leadership skills and competencies, since in the absence of an effective project leader a specific project is likely to fail in the long run. The successful accomplishment of projects is the sole former responsibility as well as objective of a project manager, who takes enormous responsibility upon his shoulder when it comes to make the right decisions (Geoghegan Dulewicz, 2008). Whereas some individuals have na tural leadership attributes, other such leadership skills and competenciesRead MoreDifferences Between American and Indian Managers Essay845 Words   |  4 Pagesengaging in transparency and accountability, investing in training, empowering through communication and cultural. (HBR, Leadership lessons from India 2010). We know that leadership is very important to motivation and interpersonal behavior within the company. Having an effective leadership involves the talents to inspire and lead people. In the article, Leadership Lesson from India, it stated that important difference between Indian and American company leaders is how they focus theirRead MoreTransformational And Team Leadership Approaches1217 Words   |  5 PagesThe Heart of Leadership Organizational effectiveness depends on the forerunners leading the charge. Transformational and team leadership approaches are two options businesses can choose from to meet the vision of the company. One method identifies an individual at the figurehead of the group or division, where the other approach leaves the option open for natural selection. Neither leadership approach is wrong. Quite the contrary, transformational and team leadership share similar behavioralRead MoreJohn Wooden On Leadership And The Woodens Pyramid Of Success1442 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction: Leadership is an action of leading a group of people or an organization. For the purpose of the report, I will be looking at John Wooden on leadership and the Wooden’s Pyramid of Success. I will be reflecting on how the Wooden’s philosophy of what leadership should be relates to today’s business environment. I will be discussing the pyramid of success, looking at various building blocks and see how that holds together and how it can help anyone to achieve whatever they want to achieveRead MoreLeadership Competencies And Leadership Skills1477 Words   |  6 Pagesguiding initiatives and employees is defined as Leadership skills. Valuable leadership skills include taking thoughtful decisions, allocation of resources, and the ability to delegate, inspire and communicate effectively. Other leadership traits include honesty, confidence, commitment and creativity. Leadership competencies can be used to effectively select, develop and promote leaders in an organization .The difference between Leadership Skill and leadership competency can explained as the required levelRead MoreContemporary Views Of Leadership And Leadership1513 Words   |  7 PagesViews of Leadership Leadership encompasses all areas of our lives. Everyone performs a leadership role in their household one way or the other. Parents perform leadership roles every day in their homes. In schools, leadership roles are being performed on a daily basis by students and teachers. In churches, there are pastors, deacons, elders, etc. perform leadership roles. At your jobs, leadership roles come into play each and every day. As you can see leadership is a very

How I Started Community College - 2035 Words

That is how adults handle interactions, and to react defensively, I feel, is mostly a reaction based in fear. Give an example of a time when you made a commitment to something and saw it through from beginning to end. I know in everyday life that there are countless examples of commitments that you have to see through to the end. To me the most meaningful example in my life would have to be college. I started community college feeling so behind, as a 24 year old with only a G.E.D., I knew that when I started I needed to go through with it. I thought that if I let myself mess this up I’d never have the courage to begin again. Once I was in school I never stopped, I attended summer courses and completed 10 terms straight before I earned my A.A.O.T. I can’t say that I feel anywhere near the end of my educational journey, and I hope I never do, but I did see community college through to the end. 6. What is your personal experience with birth? My personal experience, I have never been to a birth. I have read, watched, and discussed birth, birth culture, and traditions for 10 years now, but I have yet to have an opportunity to attend a birth in person. In my family none of my generation has had children yet, and before this last 9 months or so, none of my friends had been pregnant. I had planned on having children young and started to educate myself on the subject when I was about 17. I started as I am sure many women do with â€Å"What to Expect When You reShow MoreRelatedThe Mission Of Community Colleges1130 Words   |  5 Pagesaltered missions of community colleges and related impacts on the historical mission of community colleges. The mission of community colleges were intended to serve all individuals with an equal opportunity for higher education access. In this research paper, there will be four guided questions: 1. What was the original mission of community colleges? 2. How has the community colleges mission changed over time? 3. How did the organizational culture impact the community colleges? 4. What are societalRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School1445 Words   |  6 Pages In most jobs, when you apply there are requirements that you need to be able to be even considered a good candidate for the job and be hired. Did you graduate high school? Do you have a college degree? A 3.00 GPA or above? Previous experience for at least two years? Most guardians tell you to work hard in school to have a bright future. If you want to find a good job they suggest you to look what are the requirements to be able to even be consider. When you start high school in some schools theyRead MoreStudying Psychology At River Parish Community College938 Words   |  4 PagesProfessor Kleinpeter. Since the doors opened 17 years ago, Kleinpeter has taught Psychology at River Parish Community College. Before River Parish Community College, she taught at the University of New Orleans. Then, in the beginning of her career she taught Special Education for 15 years. It is obvious that Kleinpeter has plenty of experience under her belt, but all of these successes started with a choice . The future that children often dream for themselves is not the reality they live out laterRead MoreAcademic Success At Maple Woods Because It Develops Productivity, And Their Peers1309 Words   |  6 PagesWhen it comes to school, academic success is vitale to learning and being successful in college. How students are involved during college effect’s their success in school greatly. The more a student is involved, the more invested and interested they will be. Therefore I think that the school should encourage engagement with activities, and their peers. I believe that campus involvement would improve student success here at Maple Woods because it develops productivity, and general interest and prideRead MoreImplementing Learning Communities At The Community College Level1431 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Many students start college and end up either dropping out or taking an exuberant amount of time to complete. This is especially true for the community colleges, where the majority of the students are commuters, a large portion work and some have family obligations. Many institutions have started addressing these circumstances by creating learning communities. The idea of implementing learning communities at the community college level can be the change that is needed for the successRead MoreThe Effects Of Substance Abuse On The Community844 Words   |  4 PagesMost college students have the freedom to do whatever they would like, with little parental supervision. This often leads a student to their downfall. Students are often found turning to drugs and alcohol to help relieve themselves from the pressure of school. Students and even some adults tend to try and find a short term fix to a long term problem. leading many students to substance use. Many of them use drugs and alco hol to help distance themselves from the stress they are faced with. A communityRead MoreMy Target Accomplishment At The Gray Zones Of Transitioning Can Challenge1353 Words   |  6 Pagesby the adoption of negative habits and routine in which we become comfortable in and often differ your mind from your ultimate goal. Just as you need to acknowledge a loss you must not become consumed within the failure aspect instead deliberate on how is it that you can do to better and prosper pass this situation. The process of transitioning is more of a mental challenge than physical it pushes you beyond what you expect of yourself. My target accomplishment was to obtain my bachelor s degreeRead MoreI Am A Transfer Student At California State University911 Words   |  4 Pages I am a transfer student at California State University, Long Beach and my major is Human Development with a concentration in social and personality development. I enjoy volunteering to work with isolated senior citizens and at the Orange County Food Bank in Garden Grove. Giving back to my community and being successful in school goes hand in hand for me. With all my heart, I believe that a higher education will allow me to reach out and do more for the individuals in my community and to mold meRead MoreSummary And Response Of Community College947 Words   |  4 Pagesschool, students have the tendency to think that community college is something that is bad. In â€Å"Confessions Of A Girl Who Was ‘Too Smart For Community College’,† Chelsea Fagan talks about how in school, she had a hard time in school with her grade s and how her school showed off kids that went to college on a bulletin board. She tried everything to avoid going to a community college. Only for the reason that there was a â€Å"stigma† on how community colleges are mostly frowned upon or even laughed at (Fagan)Read MoreI Am Pursuing Bsn From Empire State College994 Words   |  4 Pagesunderstand what courses I need to take and what to expect each semester while I am pursuing BSN from Empire State College so that I can prepare myself and my family ahead. This will help me refocus my reasons of why I am returning to school and what I will be studying Goals in Pursuing the Bachelor of Science in Nursing I have an Associate Degree in nursing from Queensborough Community College. I had a Bachelor in Environmental Engineering already and I was looking for the fastest

Osteoporosis Free Essays

Abstract:As the world’s population lives longer, the significance of osteoporosis and fractures increases.Introduction:Osteoporosis is an age-associated disease, which is influenced by genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Age is a high hazard factor for osteoporosis. We will write a custom essay sample on Osteoporosis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Lack of vitamin D and insufficiency of calcium absorption are the most popular reason for the osteoporosis in the elderly. (Jakob et al, 2014)Jakob, F., Seefried, L., ; Schwab, M. (2014). Alter und Osteoporose. Der Internist, 55(7), 755-761.?Jakob F, e. (2018). [Age and osteoporosis. Effects of aging on osteoporosis, the diagnostics and therapy]. – PubMed – NCBI. [online] Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24903137 [Accessed 16 May 2018].It is mostly a disease of old age people. The prevalence of osteoporosis increase significantly with age and it is an independent risk factor for the improvement of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture. As indicated by National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data the diffusion of osteoporosis based on reduce density of hip bone was estimated at 4% in women 50 to 59 years of age compared to 44% in women 80 years of age and older. The number of seniors in risk for osteoporosis will continue increasing with the aging of society. (Vondracek et al , 2009).Vondracek, S. F., ; Linnebur, S. A. (2009). Diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in the older senior. Clinical interventions in aging, 4, 121.? I choose this topic because when I was in clinical area I saw many old patient they came to do x-ray and when I read the justification I saw they have osteoporosis. So I want to know how the x-ray help to diagnosis this disease. In this assignment I will talk about first the principles of the osteoporosis, the equipment components required for carrying out the osteoporosis examination and their functions. Also, I will discuss the role of radiographer and technical and radiation exposure considerations of it. Finally, I will talk about one clinical example for osteoporosis patient with clear images.Principle:Osteoporosis was described as a pathological in which there is non-attendance of bone tissue, however that tissue which remains is completely calcified. Osteoporosis creates when bone resorption happens too rapidly and substitution happens too gradually. (Makhdoom, et al,2014) The older senior is at high risk for osteoporosis. It is important for healthcare providers to be fully aware of the potential risks and benefits of diagnosing and treating osteoporosis in the older senior population. Data indicate that bone mineral density testing is under-utilized and drug therapy is often not initiated when indicated in this population. Bone mineral density testing with central dual energy x-ray absorptiometry is essential and cost-effective in this population. All elder people should be instructed on a bone-healthy lifestyle containing age-appropriate weight-bearing exercise and smoking cessation if necessary. The very important role in the risk for osteoporotic fractures, especially in the older senior is a falls play. The risk for vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency is high in the older senior and can contribute to falls and fractures. To treat this problem they should intake sufficient amount of calcium and vitamin D. (Vondracek et al,2009) Vondracek, S. F., ; Linnebur, S. A. (2009). Diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in the older senior. Clinical interventions in aging, 4, 121.?DEXA procedure detects the osteoporosis disease and this early diagnosis will improve the disease management practices and would help in impeding national productivity losses by mass screening and awareness. Also, it can help prevent osteoporosis. (Makhdoom, et al,2014) Makhdoom, A., Rahopoto, M., Siddiqui, K. A., ; Qureshi, G. A. (2014). Early Detection of Osteoporosis by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry. Pakistan journal of medical sciences, 30(6), 1265.? Equipment component and function:The technique used to measure the mineral bone density and the average concentration of mineral in a defined section of bone is the Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). It performed with a low radiation dose and accurate (exact measurement of BMD), precise and flexible (different regions can be scanned). A DEXA scanner consists of a low-dose x-ray tube with two energies for separating mineral and soft-tissue components and a high-resolution multidetector array. It has one of two different system a fan-beam device that emits alternating high (140 kVp) and low (70–100 kVp) x-rays and sweeps across a scan area or a constant x-ray beam with a rare-earth filter and energy-specific absorption, which separates photons of higher (70 keV) and lower (40 keV) energy.( Lorente-Ramos et al,2011).Lorente-Ramos, R., Azpeitia-Armà ¡n, J., Muà ±oz-Hernà ¡ndez, A., Garcà ­a-Gà ³mez, J. M., Dà ­ez-Martà ­nez, P., ; Grande-Bà ¡rez, M. (2011), Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in the diagnosis of osteoporosis: a practical guide. American Journal of Roentgenology, 196(4), pp 897-904.Role of radiographer with osteoporosis patients:Understanding every step of the procedure is important for maximizing the usefulness of the imaging evaluation to patients and referring clinicians in this procedure the radiographer play a great role in preparing the patient and taking care of the patient before, during and after examination. Before the examination, the radiographer must be Check patient history, old x-ray, Select the optimum exposure factors, Prepare the room for examination and Prepare the patient for the examination. During examinationThe radiographer must be Explain the procedure to patient and relative ,Reassure and care for patient during examination, Position the patient, Place radiation protection and Constantly assess the patient’s condition and then Expose. After examination they should be Move the tube away from patient, lower x-ray table down and finally given instructions to patient.Radiation exposure in X-ray-based imaging techniques used in osteoporosis:In old patients, central DEXA measurements of the lumbar spine and proximal femur are recommended. Two regions should be measured so that if one is unavailable, the forearm can be imaged. Appropriate patient positioning is essential for optimizing BMD measurement. The patients are placed in the supine position for poster anterior imaging of the lumbar spine and femoral neck and sitting next to the table for imaging of the forearm. Images are assessed for patient movement. The area of interest exceeding 1–2 cm and superior and inferior limits should be included to verify that the complete anatomic region is scanned. The bone axis should be straight and centered and the lesser trochanter should not be seen on images of the proximal femur. Equipment from various manufacturers generates automatic ROIs, which should be reviewed. Correct numbering of vertebral bodies is the main goal in DEXA of the lumbar spine. The indicators of correct positioning are as follows: the ribs appear at T12, the largest transverse processes are L3, the vertebral area values increase from L1 to L4, BMD increases from L1 to L3, and the BMD of L4 is similar to or slightly less than that of L3. Sometimes radiographs are necessary for correlation. Altered vertebrae (deformed or with lesions or artifacts in them) should be excluded from the analysis. If only one vertebral body is left, the region is not useful for diagnosis. In hip scanning, it is important to avoid undesired bone. The anatomic landmark selected for femoral neck ROI placement is the greater trochanteric notch.( Lorente-Ramos et al,2011) Case study:A 70 years old patient was admitted to Khawla hospital due to presence of lower back pain and restricted waist movement. A lumbar x-ray was done to the patient and showed sever narrowing of the disc space between L3 and L4 with no fractures over the lumbar bodies. For further investigation, a bone densitometry test was done that showed the presence of severe presence of osteoporosis with increased risk of fracture. Thus, discectomy was done for the herniated portion of the disk between L3 and L4 that compresses the nerves and causes the pain and instrumented fusion of L3 and L4 was also done to stabilize and strengtnus the spine after the intervertebral joint space reduction that occurred between L3 and L4. Finally, the patient was prescribed with vitamin D and calcium tablets to compensate the calcium and vitamin D reduction due to the osteoporosis.(khawla hospital,2018) .(khawla hospital,2018) Conclusion: Over all, Osteoporosis is a systemic disorder of the skeleton that is characterized by a reduction in bone mass. Although the condition affects a higher percentage of old people. The importance of osteoporosis lies in the fact that osteoporotic bones are more fragile and susceptible to fracture than normal bones. DEXA is a quick, accurate, low-cost imaging method for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. It comprises adequate performance (symmetry, morphology, positioning), ROI placement, detection of artifacts, pathologic evaluation (incidental findings and those affecting analysis), and evaluation of bone mineral density. How to cite Osteoporosis, Papers

Operant Conditioning Theory and Behaviour Modification and Control

Question: How To Control Operant Conditioning Theory And Behaviour Modification? Answer: Introduction An individual's behavior is in most cases termed as functional because it is a function of events of the current or may have happened in the environment surrounding the individual (Weeden et al. (2011). Many researchers, therefore, have analyzed behavior in a functional way with the motive of uncovering the events in the current and past environments which may bear some influence on individuals behavior according to Liefooghe and Houwer (2016 ). Albert Bandura theory of cognitive development focuses on personality development regarding the mental processes which dictate our mode of conducting different activities as Bleidorn et al. (2014) assert. However, it fails in providing the understanding of the environmental factors influencing behavior and interventions of persons, Moore (2011) denotes that there are different mechanisms that can often be adopted with the aim of finding a solution to remedy some individual behaviors. In this study, the analysis is presented in the case study provide to an understanding the childrens behavior towards Jane, their class teacher who has difficulty in managing the class. The children are between the ages of 10-12 years and are often silent in class, do not participate in the learning process, and often come to school without completing their assignments. The study also points out the possible reasons for their behaviors. It then provides suggestions for possible interventions through concepts found in operant conditioning theory that can be adopted by the teacher to improve their behavior during classes and in general. The evaluation of the scenario presented in our case study can only be understood through considering the knowledge or scope ofs analyzed by Skinner (2011). In his study he defined this kind of behavior as a form of learning in which children behavior is influenced or controlled by the consequences. It can also be termed as a process through which a childs behavior is modified by use of both positive and negative reinforcements according to Kumar and Nazneen (2016). In this case, individuals make an association between a particular course of behavior and consequence. B.F Skinner developed the theory of behavior development in children at early stages of their growth. In his theory, the main idea was to bring an understanding that researchers need to focus on the external or observable behavioral causes rather than placing more emphasis on internal thoughts and motivations as pointed out by Wacker et al. (2017). In understanding and analyzing our case study, it is important to understand the environmental surroundings which may have affected or influenced the childrens behavior towards the teacher. Such an evaluation will help us answer the questions of why the students are silent on their teacher, why they fail to complete their assignments and their lack of participation. In a systematic review, Alstot and Alstot (2015) point out that many researchers have provided asserts that classroom set up has great influence on the behavior of children. The rules, guidelines and sitting arrangements in the classroom set up have been criticized for not supporting socialization among the pupils as it is always impersonalized (Weitzman, 2010). The classroom has some set strict rules and guidelines which only allow children to speak in the classroom only upon request by their teacher or trainer. There is likely to be a possibility that the old philosophical thought in classroom context which requires tha t children should be seen not heard (Payne, 2015) has killed the childrens desire to communicate freely. Such believe, and practice creates an attitude of certain educational techniques. In their study, Romi, Lewis, and Roache (2015) point out that before a child enrolls in school, his or her operation condition is usually oral and allows free communication. It is hence an assumption that schools or classroom dictates them to be silent. Learning is a process of living in a childs or individuals life, and its a matter of philosophical thought that knowledge comes from books. Therefore, this understanding questions the functioning of the silent condition most of the young children experience in early stages of their development in school as evidenced in our case study. The childrens lack of participation in class, the behavior of keeping quiet when asked questions, as well as their inability to complete their assignments, are evidenced in the case study. They can be due to the operant silent conditioning culture which classrooms have continued to impact on the children. In the attempt of finding an effective solution to the issues, the teacher should evaluate the class room circumstances to have a proper understanding of the silent behavioral condition in the classroom. According to Arturo (2013), such an evaluation process will help in knowing how to regulate the behavior of the children in a way that will motivate their freedom of interaction between them and their teachers as well as make them more active in their participation in classroom activities. According to the theory of moral development by Kohlberg, it is proposed that the development of moral judgment among children evolves according to an incremental sequence. It further argues that at lower stages of child development, the children are always guided by obedience to the established authority whereas at higher stages of development, the moral judgment or moral decisions of the children are dependent on conscience and ethical guidelines or principles. Therefore teacher Jane can easily influence the moral judgment of the children at that age as compared to when they will be at higher levels of learning. The process of classical conditioning involves learning of new behavior through association. It is guided by some principles which help in understanding different children responses to stimuli and the behaviors associated with the stimuli. The first principle is the acquisition principle; it involves the natural occurrence of unconditioned stimuli and eventually resulting to a response without necessarily the experience of learning. The principle of extinction also helps in understanding the behavior of children. It involves the disappearance of an occurrence usually caused by a conditioned. There is also the occurrence of spontaneous recovery which involves the reappearance of a conditioned response after a period of rest. And lastly there is stimulus generalization in which the conditioned children stimuli, produces similar responses after a response has been conditioned as well as the stimulus discrimination which differentiates between a conditioned stimuli and other stimuli. For example a child can differentiate between sounds of animals or any signs given to them. Many scholars have criticized the silent condition, not because of its inefficiency and wastefulness as a teaching and learning technique but merely because of the threats, it poses to children in their development and especially on communication capabilities as pointed out by Doolan and Bizo (2013). To avoid these consequences associated with the children behavioral responses which may be difficult to handle, it is recommended that teachers and mentors should adopt more socialized techniques in classrooms. The effect of this will promote the desire for an orderly communication among the children. With a basis of the biological evidence, Weitzman (2010) also shows that at early stages of kindergarten and adolescent stage, there is an increase in the desire for children to communicate as compared to other stages of their lives. Teachers should, therefore, be vigilant in observing the childrens behavior and seeking the possible interventions as this can lead to future problems in their personality development as pointed out by Kumar and Nazneen (2016). Strengths and weaknesses B.F Skinner theory of child development and identity formation can be very helpful in creating solutions to our case study and help the teacher enhance the pupils participation in the classroom. The theory is centered on the concepts of positive and negative reinforcements as well as positive and negative punishment. Research has provided that positive reinforcements refer to favorable events or outcomes which an individual receives after a desirable behavior as Alstot and Alstot (2015) reports. The teachers can, therefore, use this concept by either rewarding the active students or giving them special recognition in classrooms. Such events will motivate the docile pupils and improve their participation in classrooms. On the other hand, negative reinforcement removes unpleasant outcome after the desired behavior. For example, the teacher may remove the restriction of punishment if the pupils become obedient. The main goal of positive and negative reinforcements by therein forces shou ld hence to promote good behavior. The child cognitive development theory also advocates the use of punishment as a technique to influence and modify behavior among children. Punishment, in this case, refers to increasing something undesirable with an attempt to cause a decrease in the behavior that follows. Positive punishment in this case, therefore, refers to an unfavorable event that is given to an individual in order to weaken the response behavior that follows. For example, the teacher, in this case, may give more work to the pupils to be done with aim of reducing their reluctant behavior and lack of concentration. On the other hand, negative punishment occurs when an unfavorable event is removed after an undesirable behavior occurs. The main goal here will then be to reduce the behavior according to Romi, Lewis, and Roache (2013). In another perspective, B.F Skinner (2011) explains behavior as that specific functioning part of an organism which helps in promoting and enabling interactions with its surrounding environmental circumstances. And he argues that the formulation of behavior will always include both the act of an organism and the features of the surrounding environment which influence the acting of the organism. Research has also pointed out that not all instances of movements by an organism are behaviors and also provides that not all instances of behavior entail a movement. Teachers should, therefore, be careful in interpreting some behavioral instances among the pupils, there might be some other factors contributing to their classroom behavior. Some instances of behavior are as a resultant of stimulus which may have been invoked and hence present in the organism or individual (Moore, 2011). Recent research on emotional and behavioral disorders by Bleidorn, Kandler, and Caspi (2014) gives an estimate of between 3% and 6% occurrence among children. Children with emotional and behavioral disorders are characterized by aggressive behaviors, destruction of properties, talking out, avoiding social interactions and rarely participate in classroom assignments as they are keen in observing the rules of silence conditioning. The teacher should also engage other professionals such as child psychologists to help them understand the behavior if its persistent as failure may lead to such emotional and behavior disorders. The theory of child development at early stages has been criticized for having certain weaknesses in managing the behavior of children. The criticisms have that the theory seems to only deal with strict distinct behavior as to whether a behavior is good or bad. They argue that there is a likelihood of students showing traits of good behavior as well as bad behavior. They may have a good behavior in one aspect and fail the other, for example, he or she may be good in class performance and be a bully to other students. They also argue that positive reinforcements or rewards should not always be supported as there is an argument that a child is supposed to continue his or her good behavior even if the reward is removed. There is also a criticism that the theory lacks engagement and motivation to students and advocate for the need of students at the higher level to conduct group discussions as well as figure things out on their experimental ways and research as pointed out by McClurg and Morris (2014). Despite the weaknesses, B.F Skinner and Albert Bandura theories of child development have been highly commented on its usefulness and ability to control students behavior. It's applicability in; helping in teaching as well as promoting behavioral modification and cognitive development. If is always easy for children to associate good behavior with rewards as well as associating bad behavior with punishment. Children also get to understand that good behavior will always produce desirable societal results while results of bad behavior are always unwanted. It is therefore recommended for the above scenario as the teacher will be able to understand, monitor and modify the behavior of children through a system of tested and applied techniques and concepts from the operant conditioning theory (Payne, 2015). Therefore the knowledge of operant conditioning has greatly influenced the practices of education. Children are believed to exhibit behaviors under all ages; it is, therefore, the respo nsibility of their teachers and parents to act as behavior modifiers. The arrangements and classroom settings through the established principles should help teachers organize the experiences that will enable them to facilitate both academic and childrens social behavior. Conclusion The knowledge of childrens classroom behavior as seen from research is important for both teachers and parents in helping them understand, regulate and modify their childrens behavior. Teacher Jane can therefore understand the behavior of his children or pupils and develop mechanisms which will correct such behaviors. She may introduce rewards to motivate and encourage the pupils participation in class, activities outside the class such as game or group competitions, ensuring sitting arrangements are done in a way to promote social interactions. Child development and behavior modification under the theory of B.F Skinner therefore, provides a better concept of behavior modification through reward and punishment concepts as compared to Watsons theory of social learning which emphasize the idea that behavior is a resultant of habit formed by individuals. The case represented in our case study can, therefore, be addressed by taking into consideration the concepts and view of both theorie s of child development as analyzed by Albert Bandura and B.F Skinner. References Alstot, A. E., Alstot, C. D. (2015). Behavior Management: Examining the Functions of Behavior. JOPERD: The Journal Of Physical Education, Recreation Dance, 86(2), 22-28. Arturo, C. A. (2013). The Psyche as Behavior.RevistaColombiana De Psicologa, 22(2), 377-387. Bleidorn, W., Kandler, C., Caspi, A. (2014).The Behavioural Genetics of Personality Development in Adulthood-Classic, Contemporary, and Future Trends.European Journal Of Personality, 28(3), 244-255. doi:10.1002/per.1957 Doolan, K. k., Bizo, L. A. (2013). Reinforced Behavioral Variability In Humans. Psychological Record, 63(4), 725-734. 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